Tensile specimens and test machines stressstrain curves, including discussionsof elastic versus plastic deformation, yield points, and ductility true stress and strain test methodology and data analysis it should be noted that subsequent chapters contain more detailed information on these topics. Standard test methods for tension testing of metallic. Evaluation of indirect tensile test idt procedures for lowtemperature performance of hotmix asphalt evaluates the use of the indirect tensile creep and strength test procedures in american association of state highway and transportation officials standard method of test t32203 in. The procedure based on the astm c496 standard test method of cylindrical concrete specimen which similar to other codes lik is 5816 1999. Evaluation of indirect tensile test idt procedures for lowtemperature performance of hotmix asphalt evaluates the use of the indirect tensile creep and strength test procedures in american association of state highway and transportation officials standard method of test t32203 in mixture and structural design. The basics on the operation of universal testing machine were also learnt during this experiment. The equipment arrangement and procedure for conducting.
We will look at a very easy experiment that provides lots of information about the strength or the mechanical behavior of a material, called. Tensile testing of steel see web for typical report format including. The test is carried out at ambient temperature between 10cand 35 c, unless otherwise specified. The results of tensile tests are used in some of the more important topics. A typical instron load frame used for tensile testing. The testing was carried out using an instron 3382 fig. The purpose of this lab was to apply the tensile test for two different materials steel and aluminum in order to determine the stressstrain relationship in them. Tensile testing of metals objective the tensile test measures the resistance of a material to a static or slowly applied force. Factors involved are the specimen shape and dimensions, the choice of grips and faces, and many more. Tensile testing machines shall be calibrated in accordance with iso 75001 or another commonly accepted standard.
This laboratory experiment is designed to demonstrate the procedure used for obtaining mechanical properties as modulus of elasticity, yield strength, ultimate tensile strength uts, toughness, uniform elongation. Standard test method for tensile properties of plastics1 this standard is issued under the. It is meant to determine the tensile strength of the materials which are used in the industries for. A tensile test sample was machined from 1018 steel stock 106. A reduced gage section specimen made from 6061t6 aluminum, ready for tensile testing. This test is a destructive method, in which a specimen of a standard shape and dimensions prepared according to astm d 638tandard test method for tensile properties of. Tensile testing is one of the most commonly used testing procedures in a wide range of industries. By doing this, tensile tests determine how strong a material is and how much it can elongate.
We then begin to apply weight to the material gripped at one end while the other end is fixed. With the advancement and continuing integration of composite materials and technology in todays modern industries, research in this field is becoming more and more significant. The test involves straining a test piece by tensile force, generally to fracture, for the purpose of determining one or more of the mechanical properties defined in clause 4. Figure 3dimensional details of tensile test specimens three alloy materials 20mnnimo55, crmov and ss304 ln are used for miniature tensile test. Steels tensile strength is 23 times of its compressive strength. Practical method of conducting the indirect tensile test. Figure 1 tensile test machine the specimen that being tested is given some force in two directions, which is in. The testing procedure was repeated for the rest of the specimens. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
The tensile test measures the resistance of a material to a static or slowly applied force. Lab report tensile test introduction the purpose of this. This test is a destructive method, in which a specimen of a standard shape and dimensions prepared according to astm d 638. Tensile test method for the determining of the structural properties of individual carbon fibers carlton metcalfdoetsch honors mentor. The tensile strength of concrete is generally in the range of 10 % to 12% of its compressive strength. Kennedy, describes equipment and test pro cedures involved in conducting the indirect tensile test along with a method of analyzing the test results.
Abstract tensile test method for the determining of the. Tension test is performed on mild steel, tor steel and high tensile steel to determine the properties like youngs modulus, ultimate strength, and the percentage elongation. Tensile and compression tests were performed using a floor model universal testing machine. It measures the force required to break a composite or plastic specimen and the extent to which the specimen stretches or elongates to that breaking point. Tensile testing is described, covering test specimen form, determination of the engineering stressstrain curve, and derivation of test results. A tensile test sample was machined from 1030 annealed steel stock 106. Principles and test procedures rules and standards. Care is to be taken to ensure that the specimens did not have any notching or cracks from manufacturing or any surface defects that would adversely affect the tensile.
Practical hardness testing made simple 4 it is commonly believed that, for practical purposes, in a definitely limited range, there is an approximate correspondence between hardness data and a range of tensile strength results. Tensile testing is a destructive test process that provides information about the tensile strength, yield strength, and ductility of the metallic material. This means when the stress is removed the specimen returns to its original length. This test method is applicable to reinforcedthermosetting resin pipe.
One material property that is widely used and recognized is the strength of a material. Test procedure for indirect tensile strength test txdot designation. The material test curves have a region where the deformation caused by the stress is elastic, or not permanent. Standard test method for tensile properties of plastics1. A tensile test, also known as a tension test, is one of the most fundamental and common types of mechanical testing.
This publication is being made available in pdf format as a benefit to members and. The rate at which a test is performed can have a significant effect on tensile properties. It should be remem 0 test procedure bered that a sample is a quantity of material. Concretes tensile strength is 110 of its compressive strength. Procedure for tensile testing of reinforcing bars rev. Abstract this experiment was conducted so as compare the mechanical properties of aluminium and mild steel. The following procedure was adopted in ensuring that the data recorded from tensile test specimens was taken in an organised and consistent manner. Pdf introduction to tensile testing calvin chendra academia. Concepts the linear relationship is hookes law that represents elastic deformation.
Tensile strength of concrete test procedure civil planets. Standard test methods for tension testing of metallic materials1. The tensile strength of concrete an important property when it is to be used in making road and runways, this test shall follow as per the is code 5816. Tensile testing at ambient temperature issued by the international. Timbers tensile strength is 3 times of its compressive strength. Precaution to be taken while performing tensile strength test.
The basic idea of a tensile test is to place a sample of a material between two fixtures called grips which clamp the material. The test unit will be introduced in the laboratory before the experiment by the relevant assistant. The entirety of the tests were recorded by instron bluehill software and also included with pc data acquisition, which. Two concrete test machine are available for use in fsel. Also the yield strength, tensile strength, the changes in length and area, youngs modulus and rupture stress were determined too. Tensile test tensile test is a method used to measure the strength of an material by giving a static load on unaxial direction of the specimen. Materials that are sensitive to strain rates exhibit higher tensile strengths and lower elongations at faster speeds. The tensile test data are characterized by terminology shown in figure 41.
The region of minimum cross section had dimensions 6. Procedure overview this fsel test standard is used to determine the tensile properties of reinforcing bars. As a result of comparison of miniature specimen with standard specimen indicated that uts value of miniature specimen is 24. The main body of this procedure is applicable to both test machines. The material has known dimensions, like length and crosssectional area. A tensile test applies tensile pulling force to a material and measures the specimens response to the stress. The testing is in general conformance with astm a37015 standard test methods and definition for mechanical testing of steel products ref 7. The important part of the specimen is the gage section. Tensile test experiment materials science and engineering.
Both the load stress and the test piece extension strain are measured and from this data an engineering stressstrain curve is constructed, fig. Lab 3 tension test objectives concepts background experimental procedure report requirements discussion objectives experimentally determine the yield strength, tensile strength, and modules of elasticity and ductility of given materials. While this assumption is generally correct if taken with due caution, one must remember that no indication regarding. Procedure sheetsdata sheets provided to the students groups should be maintained neatly and are to be returned after the experiment. Trbs national cooperative highway research program nchrp report 530. Tensile properties for plastics, polymers and steels are very sensitive to testing rates, but aluminum alloys exhibit little sensitivity. Pdf a new method to conduct tensile tests with specimens ranging from a few millimetres down to 100 lm is presented. E equation 1 where p is the load in newtons force read from the loaddisp.
Pdf objectives students are required to understand the principle of a uniaxial tensile. In the tension test, a steel rod is subjected to tension load by the means of a universal testing machine utm. The tensile test is most applied one, of all mechanical tests. Procedure of tensile test machine are available as part of a testresources product line of test machine accessories that include a wide range of test fixtures, high low temperature chambers, furnaces, tensile grips, and extensometers. The material samples used were a36 steel and 6061t6 aluminum.
These accessories can be made compatible by testresources to match test machines supplied by other manufacturers. Splitting tensile strength of cylindrical concrete specimen. Standard test method for apparent hoop tensile strength of. Strength can have many meanings, so let us take a closer look at what is meant by the strength of a material. Example long laboratory report mechanical properties of 1018. Consider the typical tensile specimen shown in fig. The universal testing machine can be used to determine the tensile strengths of.
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